Open Educational Resources

The 5 R's of Open Content

The Open Education movement is built around the 5 R's, a series of rights that instructors have over the open content they use in their classes:

• Retain: ​The right to make, own, and control copies of the content.
• Reuse​: The right to use the content in a wide range of ways (e.g., in a class, in a study group, on a website, in a video)
• Revise: The right to adapt, adjust, modify, or alter the content itself (e.g., translate the content into another language) 
• Remix​: The right to combine the original or revised content with other open content to create something new. 
• Redistribute​: The right to share copies of the original content, your revisions, or your remixes with others.

This material is based on original writing by David Wiley, which was published freely under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license at opencontent.org/definition

Not all free resources are OER.

OER are openly-licensed, freely available educational resources that can be modified and redistributed by users. 

• Openly-licensed: You can read about this in the Open Licenses and Your Rights tab. 
• Freely Available: The resources must be freely available online with no fee to access. A true OER is free to access at all times, unless the resource is printed and must be bought for the price of materials (usually no more than $50).
• Modifiable: The resource must be editable. This means that it must be licensed under an open license that allows for repurposing and remixing. 

*Library materials are free for students and faculty to access, but they are not free for the University. Students will likely not be able to access these resources after graduation.

**Some OA articles & monographs are able to be remixed, but authors often hold back these rights since their main concern is the free distribution of their scholarship, not its adaptation. 

OER are openly licensed.

Open licenses like Creative Commons licenses are often used to communicate what a user can do with a resource, and what rights its author would like to retain. These licenses give others a variety of permissions, making their use or reuse of your resource a faster and more transparent process. For example, some creators may wish to share their work, but not to allow users to sell adaptations of their work. 

The most common CC license is the Creative Commons Attribution license (CC BY). This license allows users to adapt and reuse content with limited restrictions. The only requirement for reusing a CC BY-licensed work is that any new work created must provide attribution to the original creator and a link to the original work. 

  Adopt

Adopting is the easiest way to implement OER in your course. Just like any other instructional material: if you like it, use it! You can locate OER available in your discipline using the resources on this guide, or by setting up a consultation with the library's OER lead.

  Adapt/Remix

If you are unable to find an OER that meets your needs as-is, you have other options! Because OER are openly licensed, you can edit and adapt the materials to meet your needs. This can include small and larger changes.

For example, if you've found an OER that meets most of your needs but is too comprehensive for the level you teach, you can create a condensed version for your students by deleting the content you don't cover in your course.

Alternately, if there are many OER available for your course but none covers the needs of your course, you may want to consider building an "OER course pack," a selection of various OER, free online materials, and websites which make up the resources for use in a course. Like traditional course packs, these sets of materials can be extremely versatile and adaptable for different uses.

  Create

If there are no high-quality OER available on your topic or if you have course materials that you believe are superior to the OER available to you online, you may want to consider creating or licensing your own course materials. Creating OER can be as simple as openly licensing and sharing your lesson plans online, or they can be as complex as publishing a traditional textbook.

If you're interested in publishing an open textbook, you can work with the ISU Digital Press or pursue a Miller Open Education Mini-Grant to support your work: